Which standard reflects what USDA inspectors look for during an inspection?

• A. That professionally accepted standards of care are followed in the facility.
• B. That compliance is maintained with the PHS Policy.
• C. That scientific standards are used in the conduct of animal studies.
• D. That facility staffing levels correspond with the workload in animal care.

Answer: (A)

USDA inspections look for adherence to professionally accepted standards of care for laboratory animals. This means the facility is evaluated against established guidelines and regulations that define humane housing, husbandry, sanitation, veterinary care, environmental enrichment, record-keeping, and staff training. The goal is to ensure animals are treated humanely and that welfare is maintained in day-to-day operations, not just in theory.

That’s why this option is the best: it directly reflects the standard USDA inspectors assess—the overall care and welfare standards that facilities are expected to meet.

The other points aren’t the primary focus of USDA inspections. Policies from PHS are important for institutions funded by the Public Health Service, but USDA inspections center on the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations. Scientific standards for study design matter for research quality, but they’re not the main criterion inspectors use to judge animal welfare during inspections. Staffing levels can influence care, but the foundational requirement inspectors verify is adherence to professionally accepted care standards.