Which measure is used to assess peripheral perfusion by pressing on the gums?

• A. Hydration status
• B. Capillary refill time
• C. Blood pressure
• D. Respiratory rate

Answer: (B)

Capillary refill time is used to assess peripheral perfusion by pressing on the gums. When you press the gum tissue, the capillaries in that area blanch as blood is pushed away. Releasing the pressure allows blood to rush back in and the original color to return. The speed of this color return reflects how well blood is circulating to the small vessels in the periphery. A quick return—typically a couple of seconds or less—suggests good peripheral perfusion, while a delayed return can indicate dehydration, shock, vasoconstriction, or other circulatory issues.

This method is different from measuring hydration status directly, which involves looking at multiple signs and labs, and from blood pressure, which reflects systemic arterial pressure, or respiratory rate, which relates to ventilation. Practically, ensure consistent pressure and timing, and consider factors like ambient temperature or sedation that can affect the result.