Genotype testing is generally performed using which of the following methods?

• A. ELISA
• B. MRI
• C. PCR
• D. All of the above

Answer: (C)

Genotype testing requires analyzing DNA sequences to identify specific variants. The method chosen must work with DNA and detect sequence differences. PCR is the most common approach because it amplifies the targeted DNA region, making it easier to see whether a particular variant is present. Techniques like allele-specific PCR or real-time PCR can distinguish different alleles and provide genotype results quickly and with high sensitivity.

ELISA, on the other hand, detects proteins or antibodies, not DNA variants, so it isn’t used for genotyping. MRI is an imaging method that visualizes anatomy or function, not genetic sequences. Therefore, the option that uses PCR best fits the purpose of genotype testing, while the others do not.