During USDA inspections, facilities must demonstrate compliance with provisions of which federal regulations?

• A. Good Laboratory Practice regulations
• B. Animal Welfare Act
• C. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
• D. PHS Policy

Answer: (B)

The main idea is that USDA inspections check compliance with the Animal Welfare Act. This federal law sets the minimum standards for humane care and treatment of animals used in research, teaching, testing, exhibition, and transport, and its implementing regulations (found in 9 CFR Parts 1–4) cover housing, handling, veterinary care, sanitation, records, and staff training. During an inspection, USDA APHIS Animal Care assesses whether a facility meets these regulatory requirements and the associated program elements.

The other options aren’t the focus of USDA inspections: Good Laboratory Practice regulations govern nonclinical studies and are enforced by different authorities; the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals is a guidance document, not a binding regulation; and PHS Policy applies to institutions funded by the Public Health Service, not the general scope of USDA oversight.